Curriculum Link -> Biology 12
Prescribed Learning Outcome:

Protein Synthesis
•    Explain how mutations in DNA affect protein synthesis

Curriculum Link -> Biology 9
Prescribed Learning Outcome:

•    Relate the processes of cell division and emerging reproductive technologies to embryonic development

Using the worksheet in the classroom:
•    This worksheet can be used as an introduction to the topic of genetic testing for both Grade 9 and 12 students. 
•    The article and accompanying worksheet could also be used as enrichment for the topic of genetic testing when genetic mutations or reproductive technologies are discussed as part of the curriculum.  Here, the worksheet could be completed as an in-class or homework activity.
•    After students have read the article and completed the worksheet, you could discuss answers with them to help uncover the topic of genetic testing and dispel any myths surrounding it.
•    The worksheet could also be used as a preview activity for a larger project.
->    For example, students may do a research project on a genetic disorder such as Down syndrome.

Genetic Testing Article Worksheet KEY
The following key is composed of sample answers.  Please note that student answers may vary.

1.    Describe three different methods which are used to test for genetic disorders.
Method 1:  DNA can be isolated from biological samples such as skin flakes or drops of blood.  The retrieved DNA is then amplified, viewed on gels and sequenced. 
Method 2:  Genetic disorders can also be detected by looking at a patient’s cells and viewing the patient’s chromosomes.
Method 3:  Genetic testing can also involve looking at the resulting effects of a disorder, such as measuring the amounts of an overproduced product by analyzing a patient’s blood.

2.    Describe one application of genetic testing.
Genetic testing is used in the screening newborns of many treatable genetic diseases within the first week of being born.

3.    Describe one concern that arises from the concept of genetic testing.
One concern is that the results of a test impact not just the patient, but they have an impact on the patient’s family.  The person being tested may want to know about their risk of a genetic disease, but a close family member or significant other might not want to know.  This conflict should be resolved before testing if possible.  No one should be forced to have genetic testing and ultimately, it is a personal decision to decide to get tested for a genetic disease.

4.    What is “pre-implantation genetic diagnosis?”
Pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) involves checking conceptions for mutations or an incorrect number of chromosomes before they are implanted into a female.